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IMPORTANT DAYS OF NOVEMBER 2014


KERALA AT A GLANCE
 
Location : North Latitude between  80 - 18' and 120 - 48'
           East Longitude between 740 - 52' and 770 - 22'
  Area    : 38863 sq. km.
  Forests : 9400 sq. km.
  
  Wetlands: 1941 sq. km.


Percentage of area to the area of Indian Union:  1.18
  Length of Coastal Line 
  Highest Peak:    Anamudi   
  Longest River    Bharathapuzha 
580 km
   2694 metres
251 km
Rivers
  West flowing  
  East flowing 
 
41 Nos
 3 Nos
  Districts
  Taluks
  Revenue Villages
  Village Panchayats
  Corporations
  Municipalities
  Contonments
  Community Development Blocks
  Average Annual Rainfall
  Cultivated Area (million hectares)
  Per capita land
  Per capita cultivated land
  Per capita production food grain
  14 Nos
  63 Nos
1478 Nos
 978 Nos
   5 Nos
  60 Nos
  1 No
   152 Nos
  2900 mm 
   2.292 mh
   0.13 ha.
   0.10 ha.
37 kg/annum
Members in State Legislature:
                       Elected       
                       Nominated 
 
140 Nos
  1 No
Members of Parliament from the State:
                       Lok Sabha        
                       Rajya Sabha 
     
20 Nos
  9 Nos.
Educational and Communication Facilities

 Population 1991 Census 2001 Census 2011 Census
 Total population (lakhs)
 Male population (lakhs)
 Female population (lakhs)
 Density per sq. km.
 Sex ratio (Females per 1000 males):
 Literacy (per cent)
 Male Literacy
 Female Literacy
 Rural population (lakhs)
 Urban population (lakhs)
 Growth of population (per cent)
 Life Expectancy (years)
 Infant mortality (per 1000)
 Birth Rate (per 1000)
290.99
142.89
148.10
749   
1036    
 89.81
 93.62
 86.17
 214.18 
 76.80
 13.88
68  
22  
19.8
 318.41
 154.69
 163.73
 819
1058
  90.86
  94.24
  87.72
 235.75
  82.67
   9.43
   -
  16*
  18.3
 333.88 
 160.21
 173.66
 859
1084
  93.91
  96.02
  91.98
  
 
   4.86
 





           Muharram is the name of a month which marks the beginning of the new year as per the Islamic calendar (hijrah calendar). Muharram is one of four months of a year which has been designated as holy according to the Islamic calendar, the other three being - Dhul-Qa'adah, Dhul-Hijjah and Rajab. The date of Muharram is not fixed because the Islamic calendar is lunar. The Islamic calendar is 11 to 12 days shorter than the solar year so Muharram moves from year to year when compared with the Gregorian calendar.
         The word 'Muharram' is derived from the word 'Haram' which means 'Forbidden' and as such it is unlawful and unholy to indulge in any type of quarrel during this month. It is both, a festival of celebration and day of mourning. As a solemn occasion, it is to be observed to mourn the martyrdom of the revered Hazrat Imam Hussain, the grandson of the Prophet Mohammad. 
       It is a sanctified month as a whole and is observed for 10 days and the most important day of this month is Tenth day, by the end of which the mourning culminates.

    
                The Nobel Laureate Chandra Sekhara Venkata Raman was born at Thiruvanaikuval near Tiruchirapalli in Tamilnadu on 7th Nov of 1888.His parentswere Sri chandrasekhar and Parvathi Ammal .His father was a lecturer in Mathematics and Physics in Sri AVN College , Visakhapatnam ( A.P). So Raman finished his Secondary school education here.After two years he moved the prestigious Presidency College Chennai in 1903. He gained BSc toping list and gold medal in Physics and gained MSc with highest distinctions. 

               He became the Deputy Accountant General in Calcutta after passing Indian Civil Service(ICS)examination in 1907.He resigned his job and joined as a Professor of physics in Calcutta Univesity.He was a teacher par excellence.
He was studying Problems in Physics,inspired by the works of Einsten and Helmholtz.His first research paper was on Diffraction of Light.

            He retired from Indian Institute of Science in 1948 and established  Raman Research Institute in Bangalore. He settled there with his wife Lokasundari and his two sons Chandra sekhar and Radakrishnan.He died on 21-Nov-1970   aged 82 in Bangalore.
Contributions:-
1.Cosmic radiations  2. Vibrations  3. Whispering gallery  4. Optics  5. Raman Rffect  6. why is the sea blue? 

            Indians celebrates National Science day 28th Feb.of every year for his discovery of Raman effect in 1928.

Awards:-

1. Fellow of Royal Society (1924)
2
.Knight Bachelor in 1929  
3
.Nobel Prize in 1930 (Physics)
4
.Bharat Ratna in 1954
5
.Franklin Medal in 1941
6
.Lenin Peace Prize in 1957





Nov 9 - Legal Services day

          Legal Services Day is observed every year in India in November. It is observed to lay emphasis on legal literacy and increase legal awareness amongst the masses especially those who live in far off areas and where literacy and more importantly Legal Literacy is lacking. NALSA which stands for National Legal Services Authority formed the foundation for Legal Services Day. It is celebrated on 9th of November because it was on this day in 1995 that Legal Services Authorities Act was enforced.




Nov 11- National Education Day


    
This day is celebrated as National Education Day to pay respect to India's first Education Minister Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. Abul Kalam Muhiyuddin Ahmed Azad (Abul Kalam Azad") (11 November 1888 – 22 February 1958) was an Indian scholar and a senior political leader of the Indian Independence Movement. Following India's independence, he became the first Minister of Education in the Indian government.
          In 1992 he was posthumously awarded India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Rathna. It is said that earlier when he was offered Bharat Ratna he promptly declined it saying that it should not be given to those who have been on the selection committee. Later he was awarded posthumously in 1992. Azad became the leader of theKhilafath Movement, during which he came into close contact with the Indian leader . Mahatma Gandhi, enthusiastic supporter of Gandhi's ideas of non-violent civil disobedience and worked to organise the Non Co-operation Movement in protest of the 1919 Rowlatt Acts. Azad committed himself to Gandhi's ideals, including promoting Swadeshi (indigenous) products and the cause of Swaraj (Self-rule) for India. In 1923, at an age of 35, he became the youngest person to serve as the President of the Indian National Congress.
        Azad was one of the main organisers of the Dharasana Sathyagraha in 1931, and emerged as one of the most important national leaders of the time, prominently leading the causes of Hindu-Muslim unity as well as espousing secularism and socialism. He served as Congress president from 1940 to 1945, during which the Quit India rebellion was launched. Azad was imprisoned, together with the entire Congress leadership, for three years. Azad became the most prominent Muslim opponent of the demand for a separate Muslim state of Pakistan and served in the interim national government.
       He is also credited with the establishment of the Indian Institute of Technology and the foundation of the University Grants Commission, an important institution to supervise and advance the higher education in the nation.
His Birthday, 11 November is celebrated as National Education Day in India.
_________________________________________________________________________
    In India children's Day is celebrated on 14 November, the birthday of the country's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, who was fondly called Chacha Nehru (Uncle Nehru) or Chaffinch (Uncle) by the kids, emphasized the importance of giving love and affection to children, whom he saw as the bright future of India.  
     Chacha Nehru as the children fondly referred to him, was fond of both children and roses. In fact he often compared the two, saying that children were like the buds in a garden. They should be carefully and lovingly nurtured, as they were the future of the nation and the citizens of tomorrow. He felt that children are the real strength of a country and the very foundation of society. He was the beloved of all the children who gave him the endearing name of Chacha Nehru.
      Many functions are organized in schools, offices and other organizations. Most schools hold cultural performances on this day, run by the children themselves. Teachers also get involved, and may perform songs and dances for their students. On this day, the State and the Central Government also make it a point to showcase children's films as part of Film festivals organized in many parts of the country. All over the country, various cultural and social institutions conduct competitions for children.            Children's Day is seen as a day for the kids to engage in fun. Children take part in many sports organized for them.
However, Internationally Children's Day is celebrated on 20 Novermber as recommended by the UN.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
       World Diabetes Day is observed on November 14 each year. The day aims to increase an awareness of the effects of diabetes and its complications amongst the general population and professionals in a range of sectors.
It is also hoped that the increased awareness will lead to more resources to fight the causes of diabetes and help fund research into improved treatment options.
     The World Diabetes Day campaign is led by the International Diabetes Federation and its member associations around the world, including the American Diabetes Association, Diabetes UK, Diabetes Australia, the Canadian Diabetes Association, Diabetes South Africa, Diabetes New Zealand and the Diabetic Association of India. These organizations arrange events at international, national and local levels.
       Diabetes is the common name for a range of conditions including diabetes mellitus type one and diabetes mellitus type two, diabetes insipidus and gestational diabetes. These are all conditions, which affect how the pancreas (an organ in the digestive system) secretes insulin or how the body reacts to this hormone. Depending on the type and severity, diabetes is controlled by dietary measures, weight loss, oral medication or injected or inhaled insulin. There is a wide range of short and long-term complications of diabetes including foot and eye problems and vascular diseases. It is estimated that one in three residents of the United States will develop diabetes at some point in their life.
         On December 20, 2006, the United Nations (UN) passed a resolution to designate November 14 as World Diabetes Day. The occasion aimed to raise awareness of diabetes, its prevention and complications and the care that people with the condition need. Governments, non-governmental organizations and private businesses are encouraged to increase awareness of the disease, particularly among the general population and the media. World Diabetes Day was first commemorated on November 14, 2007, and is observed annually.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
November 21 -World Television Day



         The United Nations’ (UN) World Television Day is annually observed in many places around the world on November 21. The day recognizes that television plays a major role in presenting different issue that affect peoplOn 21st and 22nd November 1996, the United Nations held the first World Television Forum, where leading media figures met under the auspices of the United Nations to discuss the growing significance of television in today's changing world and to consider how they might enhance their mutual cooperation. That is why the General Assembly decided to proclaim 21st November as World Television Day - to commemorate the date on which the first World Television Forum was held. On December 17, 1996, UN General Assembly, through resolution 51/205 of 17 December 1996, proclaimed November 21 as World Television Day.

      World Television Day is a day to renew governments, organizations and individuals commitments to support the development of television media in providing unbiased information about important issues and events that affect society.
_________________________________________________________________-__


       The United Nations' (UN) International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women is observed on November 25 each year. The General Assembly designated 25 November as the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women by resolution 54/134 of 17 December 1999 and invited governments, international organizations and NGOs to organize activities designated to raise public awareness of the problem on that day.  
       The date 25th is not just a date as it was on November 25, 1960, that three sisters, Patria Mercedes Mirabal, María Argentina Minerva Mirabal and Antonia María Teresa Mirabal, were assassinated in the Dominican Republic on the orders of the Dominican ruler Rafael Trujillo. The Mirabel sisters fought hard to end Trujillo's dictatorship. Activists on women's rights have observed a day against violence on the anniversary of the deaths of these three women since 1981.

26 November-Constitution Day in India

       Constitution Day in India is celebrated every year on 26th of November as the constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th of November in the year 1949 and came into force on 26th of January in 1950. Dr. Ambedkar is the Father of Constitution of India. After the independence of India Dr. Ambedkar was invited by the Congress government to serve as a first law minister of the India. He was appointed as the Constitution Drafting Committee’s Chairman on 29th of August. He was the chief architect of the Indian constitution and known for the strong and united India.
     Indian constitution was first described by the Granville Austin to achieve the social revolution. The ever lasting contribution of the Babasaheb Ambedkar towards the Indian constitution helps a lot to all the citizens of India. The constitution of Indian was adopted to constitute the country as an independent, communist, secular, autonomous and republic to secure the Indian citizens by the justice, equality, liberty and union.
       Constitution Day in India is officially celebrating event which is celebrated every year on 26th of November to honor and remember the father of Constitution, Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar. People in India celebrate their history, freedom, independence and peace after launching the own constitution of India.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________



INDIA INTO MARS IN FIRST 
ATTEMPT




     September 24,2014 is a memorable day for all Indians. We have achieved it ! None in the world has accomplished sun an honour. Becoming success in the FIRST attempt itself !


        INDIA's first mission to Mars has reached its goal as scheduled. The prestigious Mars Orbitor Mission(MOM) launched through the PSLV XL rocket on 5 November 2013 from Shriharikota has travelled about 66 crore kilometres( 666 million-km) along the space for a long period of 300 days until it crossed the orbit of Mars Today 24 September,2014.

        The 1,350 kg spacecraft is equipped with five instruments, including a sensor to track methane or marsh gas, a colour camera and a thermal imaging spectrometer to map the surface and mineral wealth of the red planet.

          It is really a proud moment for us Indians that only 21 of the total of 51 missions sent to Mars by various countries being successful. We have crushed our Asian space rivals, Japan and China who have yet to accomplish in a similar mission.



           The European, American and Russian probes have managed to orbit or land on the planet, but after several attempts. The first Chinese Mars mission, called Yinghuo-1, failed in 2011. In 1998, the Japanese mission ran out of fuel and was lost.


            With the success of 'Mangalyaan', India also becomes the first Asian country to have sent a mission to the red planet. The total cost of MOM is very 'cheap'- only 450 crore rupees as compared to that of the US, Maven that entered the Mars' orbit on September 22(67 crore dollars-equalling to 4180 crore rupees)

            The Indian PSLV XL which started in journey on 5 Nov. 2013 from Shriharikota escaped from the Earth's gravitational field on 1 Dec. 2013 at a speed of 22.14 km per second till it reached near to the Martian orbit. Then the main 440 Newton Liquid Apogee Motor (LAM) and eight thrusters on board were ignited for 24-minutes from 7.17 am on 24 Sept. to slow down the spacecraft to 4.4 km per second at the ultimate point to be captured by the Martian orbit.

        This moment was very critical  as it had been lying dormant for about 300 days and was only woken up briefly for four seconds on Monday. A failure could have pushed the Orbiter into the deep depths of space to be lost forever.

         At the time of MOM's orbital insertion, its signals took about 12 minutes and 28 seconds to reach Earth where it was received by NASA's Deep Space Network Stations in Canberra and Goldstone which relayed the data in real time to ISRO's station in Bangalore.



Mars Orbiter Mission: Chronology of events
Following is the chronology of events that traces the journey of Mangalyaan which lasted over 300 days.
Nov 5, 2013: ISRO's PSLV C25 launches India's   Mars Orbiter Mission from Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.
Nov 7: First Earth-bound manoeuvre performed.
Nov 8: Second Earth-bound manoeuvre performed.
Nov 9: Third Earth-bound manoeuvre performed.
Nov 11: Fourth Earth-bound manoeuvre performed.
Nov 12: Fifth Earth-bound manoeuvre performed.
Nov 16: Sixth Earth-bound manoeuvre performed.
Dec 1: MOM leaves Earth's orbit, Trans-Mars Injection performed.
Dec 4: MOM leaves Earth's Sphere of Influence of 9.25 lakh km radius.
Dec 11: First course correction manoeuvre performed on the spacecraft.
Jun 11, 2014: Second course correction manoeuvre executed.
Sep 22: MOM enters Mars' Gravitational Sphere of Influence; 440 Newton Liquid Apogee Motor test fired after over 300 days of dormancy; last trajectory correction manoeuvre performed.

Sep 24: MOM reaches the intended orbit around Mars, making India the first country in the world to have successfully launched its mission to the Red Planet on the very FIRST attempt.
                                              (courtesy: Manoramaonline)

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